Paver Calculator

How the Paver Calculator Works

The calculation is a simple area divide: pavers needed = patio area ÷ paver area. The trick is making sure both areas use the same units. The calculator converts paver dimensions from inches (or centimeters) to square feet (or square meters) internally so the final count is accurate. On top of the raw count, the calculator adds a waste factor — typically 10% for straight patterns, up to 20% for herringbone or diagonal layouts — and computes the base gravel and leveling sand you need under the pavers.

Base Layer Spec

A proper paver installation has four layers: compacted subgrade, compacted aggregate base, bedding sand, and the pavers themselves. The calculator uses the residential standard of 4 inches of compacted base and 1 inch of bedding sand. Driveways should double the base to 6 to 8 inches because of vehicle loads, and any installation on clay soil needs more base and a drainage layer to prevent heave from freezing.

Aggregate Base

Use crushed stone graded from 3/4 inch down to dust — often sold as "road base," "3/4-minus," or "Class II base." Compact in 2-inch lifts with a plate compactor for best results. Gravel alone (without fines) does not compact properly and will settle unevenly.

Bedding Sand

Use coarse concrete sand or ASTM C33 bedding sand. Screed it flat to 1 inch thickness using two screed pipes laid at the target height. Never use mason sand or play sand — they are too fine and will not drain. After setting the pavers, sweep polymeric sand into the joints and mist with water to lock everything in place.

Pavers per Square Foot — Common Sizes

Base and sand quick reference (residential 4" base + 1" sand): each 100 sq ft of patio needs about 1.23 cu yd of crushed gravel base and 0.31 cu yd of bedding sand. Driveways need 6-8" base, doubling the gravel requirement.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many pavers per square foot?

Depends on paver size. 4×8 inch pavers = 4.5 per sq ft. 6×6 inch = 4 per sq ft. 12×12 inch = 1 per sq ft.

What size base for a paver driveway?

At least 6 inches of compacted base under cars, 8 inches under trucks or RVs, plus the 1 inch of bedding sand.

Do I need edge restraints?

Yes — pavers without edging will creep outward. Use spike-down plastic edging, concrete curbing, or a soldier course of pavers set in mortar at the perimeter.

How do I prevent weeds between pavers?

Polymeric sand locks the joints and resists weeds and ants for several years. Reapply every 5 to 10 years as it breaks down.

Can I lay pavers on a slope?

A gentle slope (1-2% for drainage) is required. Steeper than 5% requires terracing with retaining walls to keep the bed stable.